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KMID : 1022420120040010111
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Phonetics and Speech Sciences
2012 Volume.4 No. 1 p.111 ~ p.118
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Variance characteristics of speaking fundamental frequency and vocal intensity depending on utterance conditions
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Lee Moo-Kyung
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to characterize and determine variances of speaking fundamental frequency and vocal intensity depending on gender and three utterance conditions (spontaneous speech, reading, and counting). A total of 65 undergraduate students (32 male students, 33 female students) attending universities in Daegu, South Korea participated in this study. The subjects were all in their 20s. This study used KayPENTAX’s Visi-Pitch Ⅳ (Model 3950) to measure the variances of speaking fundamental frequency (SFF0) and vocal intensity (VI). As a result, this study came to the following conclusions.
First, it was found that both males and females showed no significant difference in SFF0 and vocal intensity among three utterance conditions. Second, this study sought to analyze differences in the variances of SFF0 between males and females. As a result, it was found that females showed significantly higher levels of four measured variances (SFF0 SD**, SFF0 range***, Min SFF0*** and Max SFF0***) than males on spontaneous speech. However, it was found that there was no significant difference between males and females in SFF0 range on reading or in SFF0 SD and SFF0 range on counting. It was found that there was no significant difference between males and females in the level of measured variances of vocal intensity depending on utterance conditions. Finally, this study made a comparison and analysis on differences in the variances of SFF0 and vocal intensity among utterance conditions. As a result, it was found that all the measured variances of SFF0 in males were most significantly reduced depending upon spontaneous speech which was followed by reading and counting respectively (SFF0 SD: p<.001, SFF0 range: p<.05, Max SFF0: p<.05). Females however, show no significant difference in the measured variances of SFF0 depending upon three utterance conditions. It was also found that the measured variances of vocal intensity in females were most significantly reduced depending on spontaneous speech that was followed by reading and counting (VI SD: p<.001, VI range: p<.001, Min VI: p<.01 Max VI: p<.05), while males showed no significant difference in the measured variances of vocal intensity depending on three utterance conditions. In sum, these findings suggest that variances of SFF0 in males are affected by three utterance conditions, while variances of vocal intensity in females are affected by three utterance conditions.
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KEYWORD
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Utterance condition, Variance of speaking fundamental frequency, Variance of vocal intensity
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